Gastroschisis annual incidence, mortality, and trends in extreme Southern Brazil

Abstract Objective: To analyze gastroschisis annual incidence, mortality rates, and trends in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul from the year 2000 to the year 2017. Method: Population-based study with the analysis of the temporal trend of gastroschisis annual incidence and mortality rates. Data were obtained from the Live Birth Information System and the Mortality Information System, with the analysis performed by polynomial regression modeling. Results: There were 2,612,532 live births, 705 hospitalizations, and 233 deaths due to gastroschisis. The annual incidence of gastroschisis was 2.69 per 10,000 live births. The annual incidence rate increased by 85% in the total period (p = 0.003), and mortality was 33% in the 2000-2017 period. Maternal age < 25 years was a risk factor for gastroschisis (p < 0.001). Children were more likely to be born weighing < 2,500 g (p < 0.001) and with a gestational age < 37 weeks (p < 0.001). The annual incidence trend was to increase, and the mortality trend was to decrease. Conclusion: Similar to what has been described in several regions/countries, there was a trend showing an 85% increase in the annual incidence of gastroschisis (p = 0.003) and the mortality was 33% with a trend of decreasing (p = 0.002).

Gastroschisis annual incidence, mortality, and trends in extreme Southern Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze gastroschisis annual incidence, mortality rates, and trends in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul from the year 2000 to the year 2017. METHOD: Population-based study with the analysis of the temporal trend of gastroschisis annual incidence and mortality rates. Data were obtained from the Live Birth Information System and the Mortality Information System, with the analysis performed by polynomial regression modeling. RESULTS: There were 2,612,532 live births, 705 hospitalizations, and 233 deaths due to gastroschisis. The annual incidence of gastroschisis was 2.69 per 10,000 live births. The annual incidence rate increased by 85% in the total period (p = 0.003), and mortality was 33% in the 2000-2017 period. Maternal age < 25 years was a risk factor for gastroschisis (p < 0.001). Children were more likely to be born weighing < 2,500 g (p < 0.001) and with a gestational age < 37 weeks (p < 0.001). The annual incidence trend was to increase, and the mortality trend was to decrease. CONCLUSION: Similar to what has been described in several regions/countries, there was a trend showing an 85% increase in the annual incidence of gastroschisis (p = 0.003) and the mortality was 33% with a trend of decreasing (p = 0.002).

Tendência de atendimentos por causas externas no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência / Tendencia de los auxilios por causas externas en el Servicio de Atención Móvil de Urgencia / Trend of care for external causes in the Mobile Emergency Care Service

Resumo Objetivo Analisar tendência e os impactos causados pela regionalização nos atendimentos de emergência por causas externas efetuados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), antes, durante e depois do processo de regionalização. Métodos Estudo ecológico de tendência dos atendimentos do SAMU. Os períodos foram separados em 2010 a 2012 (pré-regionalização), 2013 a 2015 (transição) e 2016 a 2018 (consolidação). Foram coletadas as variáveis causas do atendimento, dia da semana, horário, local da ocorrência, recurso encaminhado e caracterização da vítima (sexo, idade, uso de álcool e desfecho do atendimento) totalizando 17.533 ocorrências. Foram excluídos os atendimentos que não se classificaram como causas externas. Foram realizadas estatística descritiva, tendência e teste de associação do qui-quadrado. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5% (p-valor ≤0,001). Resultados A maioria das vítimas era do sexo masculino, com maior prevalência na faixa etária de 30 a 59 anos. Houve diminuição do óbito no local de 41,7% após a regionalização. Observou-se aumento de atendimento de causas externas nas ambulâncias de Suporte Básico de Vida no ano de 2015 em relação a 2010 (47%), além de diminuição de aproximadamente 50% do número de atendimentos do Suporte Avançado de Vida. O número de atendimento conjunto das duas ambulâncias aumentou aproximadamente 390%. Conclusão A regionalização apresentou impacto importante na qualidade dos atendimentos prestados à população, resultando na diminuição da mortalidade no local da ocorrência.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la tendencia y los impactos causados por la regionalización de los auxilios de emergencia por causas externas efectuados por el Servicio de Atención Móvil de Urgencia (SAMU) antes, durante y después del proceso de regionalización. Métodos Estudio ecológico de tendencia de los auxilios del SAMU. Los períodos fueron separados de la siguiente forma: 2010 a 2012 (preregionalización), 2013 a 2015 (transición) y 2016 a 2018 (consolidación). Fueron recopiladas las variables: causas del auxilio, día de la semana, horario, lugar del incidente, recurso enviado y caracterización de la víctima (sexo, edad, uso de alcohol y desenlace del auxilio), con un total de 17.533 incidentes. Se excluyeron los auxilios que no se clasificaron como causas externas. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, tendencia y prueba de asociación de ji cuadrado. Fue adoptado un nivel de significación de 5 % (p-valor ≤0,001). Resultados La mayoría de las víctimas era de sexo masculino, con mayor prevalencia del grupo de edad de 30 a 59 años. Hubo una reducción de fallecimiento en el lugar del 41,7 % después de la regionalización. Se observó un aumento de auxilios de causas externas en las ambulancias de Soporte Vital Básico en el año 2015 con relación a 2010 (47 %), además de una reducción aproximada del 50 % del número de auxilios de Soporte Vital Avanzado. El número de asistencia conjunta de las dos ambulancias aumentó un 390 % aproximadamente. Conclusión La regionalización presentó un impacto importante en la calidad de la atención brindada a la población, lo que redujo la mortalidad en el lugar del incidente.

Abstract Objective To analyze the trend and impacts caused by regionalization in emergency care for external causes performed by the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU), before, during and after the regionalization process. Method This is an ecological study of SAMU care trend. The periods were separated in 2010 to 2012 (pre-regionalization), 2013 to 2015 (transition) and 2016 to 2018 (consolidation). The variables cause of care, day of the week, time, occurrence site, resource forwarded and victim characterization (gender, age, alcohol use and outcome of care) were collected, totaling 17,533 occurrences. Care that did not qualify as external causes was excluded. Descriptive statistics, trends and chi-square association test were performed. A significance level of 5% (p-value≤0.001) was adopted. Results Most victims were male, with a higher prevalence in the age group of 30 to 59 years. There was a decrease in death at the site of 41.7% after regionalization. There was an increase in care of external causes in Basic Life Support ambulances in 2015 compared to 2010 (47%), in addition to a decrease of approximately 50% in the number of Advanced Life Support services. The number of joint care of the two ambulances increased approximately 390%. Conclusion Regionalization had an important impact on the quality of care provided to the population, resulting in a decrease in mortality at the occurrence site.

Prospective evalution of pregnant women with suspected acute toxoplasmosis treated in a reference prenatal care clinic at a university teaching hospital in Southern Brazil.

Infection by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy demands greater attention from the health authorities due to the risk of placental transmission, which can have devastating consequences to the foetus and newborn. This study was conducted in a high-risk prenatal care outpatient clinic of a university teaching hospital. Pregnant women screened for specific IgM and IgG anti -T. gondii, attended from January 2009 to August 2018 were included. From 530 suspected patients, 218 were followed up and they presented positive IgM and IgG anti- T. gondii. From these patients, 83 (38.0%) had low IgG avidity, 39 (18%) seroconverted in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, 19 (8.7%) had no avidity test, 69 (31.6%) had high IgG avidity after 16 weeks of gestation, five had recurrent chorioretinitis (2.2%) and three (1.3%) were seropositive to HIV. Complementary diagnoses were made in 30/48 (62.5%) of the patients revealing the presence of specific IgA antibodies raised to T. gondii; 3/63 (4.8%) peripheral blood samples and 1/57 (1.8%) amniotic fluid sample. There were eight foetal deaths, one case of neonatal hepatomegaly and one case of T. gondii DNA detected in a peripheral blood sample. Of the 139 newborn deliveries at the teaching hospital, there was a 38% loss of follow-up. The prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis was 1.2 cases/1,000 live births in this study area, according to the retrospective survey of cases. Prenatal treatment may have helped to reduce the risk of vertical transmission.

Análise do controle da toxoplasmose gestacional e ocular nos serviços de Atenção Primária da 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná / Control analysis of pregnancy and ocular toxoplasmosis in Primary Care centers of the 15th Health Division of the state of Parana

Introdução: A primo-infecção pelo Toxoplasma gondii na gestação causa um risco de transmissão fetal entre 10% e 100%. Em 2006, a 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná criou a Rede de Controle da Toxoplasmose Gestacional e Congênita com referência para o Hospital Universitário de Maringá. Objetivo: avaliar as medidas adotadas pelos profissionais da Atenção Primária, para o controle da toxoplasmose gestacional e ocular. Método: Foram sorteadas 20% das 39 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de quatro municípios pertencentes à 15ª Regional de Saúde. A abordagem aos profissionais que assistiam as gestantes foi mediada por um questionário estruturado. Os dados coletados foram sobre as medidas realizadas: com gestantes soro não reagentes, com suspeita aguda, e com toxoplasmose ocular. Resultados: A maioria dos profissionais desconhecia a rede de controle, maneiras de infecção e medidas profiláticas para toxoplasmose. Conclusão: Isto mostra a importância da atualização profissional e perseverança da educação continuada (AU)

INTRODUCTION The primary infection by Toxoplasma gondii in pregnancy leads to a 10%--100% risk of fetal transmission. In 2006, the15th Health Division of the state of Paraná created the Network for Gestational and Congenital Toxoplasmosis Control with reference to the University Hospital of the city of Maringá. OBJECTIVE to evaluate the measures taken by primary care professionals regarding the control of gestational and ocular toxoplasmosis. METHOD Twenty percent of the 39 Basic Health Units in four municipalities belonging to the 15th Health Division of Paraná. The professionals who attended the pregnant women were interviewed through structured questionnaires. Data were collected on the measures carried out with non-reactive pregnant women, with acute suspicion, and ocular toxoplasmosis. RESULTS Most professionals were unaware of this control network, of the mode of infection, and the toxoplasmosis prophylactic measures. CONCLUSION This shows the importance of professional updating, and perseverance in continuing education (AU)